Tài liệu ôn thi tiếng anh vào 10 theo chuyên đề

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: CÁC THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (TENSES OF VERB)​

1. Thì hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Động từ thường

To be

(+) I/ you/ we/ they + V He/ she/ it + V (s/es)

(-) I /we /you/ they + don't + V He /she / it + doesn't + V

() Do + I/ you/ we/ they + V?

Does + he/ she/ it + V?

(+) I + am..

You/ we/ they + are.. He/ she/ it + is..

(-) I + am not..

You/ we/ they + aren't.. He/ she/ it + isn't..

() Am I?

Are we/you/they? Is he/ she/ it?

Ø Chú ý: Are not = aren't is not = isn't

Do not = don't does not = doesn't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn đạt một hành động mang tính thường xuyên, một thói quen, hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại có tính quy luật.

Ví dụ: Linda goes to school every day.

My mother usually has breakfast at 7 a. M.

- Diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên

Ví dụ: The earth goes around the sun. Water boils at 100 degrees C.

- Diễn tả một thời gian biểu hoặc một lịch trình Ví dụ: The plane arrives at 8 p. M. Tonight.

The news programme starts at 7 p. M.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường dùng

Trong câu thường có các trạng từ chỉ tần suất như:

Always (luôn luôn) sometimes (thi thoảng)

Often (thường xuyên) seldom (hiếm khi)

Usually (thường xuyên) never (không bao giờ)

Every: Every day/ week/ month/ year (hàng ngày/ hàng tuần/ hàng tháng/ hàng năm) In the morning/ afternoon/ evening (Vào buổi sáng/ chiều/ tối)

d. Cách thêm đuôi s/es

Sau ngôi thứ 3 số ít, động từ được thêm đuôi "s" hoặc "es"

- Thông thường, ta thêm đuôi s vào sau hầu hết các động từ.

- Khi động từ có tận cùng bằng các âm: o, ch, sh, ss, x thì ta thêm đuôi es

Ví dụ: Goes, watches, finishes, misses

Ø Chú ý: Những động từ có tận cùng bằng "y" và trước đó là 1 phụ âm, ta phải đổi "y" thành "i" trước khi thêm "es'

Ví dụ: Fly - flies; carry – carries

2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

Phủ định

Nghi vấn

I + am + V-ing

You/ we/ they + are + V-ing

I + am not + V-ing

You/ we/ they + aren't + V-ing

Am + I + V-ing?

Are + you/ we/ they + V-ing?

He/ she/ it + is + V-ing

He/she/it + isn't + V-ing

Is + he/ she/ it + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói (ví dụ a, b) hoặc hành động xảy ra xung quanh thời điểm nói (ví dụ c).

Ví dụ: a. Please don't make so much noise. I'm studying.

B. Look at the sun, it is shining brightly.

C. We learn maths every Monday afternoon, but this afternoon we are learning English.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường dùng

- Now, at present, at the moment, right now etc.

- Hoặc một số động từ như: Look! Listen! Watch out! Etc.

d. Các động từ thường không được dùng ở thời tiếp diễn

Các động từ trạng thái ở bảng sau không được chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn khi chúng là những động từ tĩnh diễn đạt trạng thái, giác quan hoặc tình cảm.

Know (biết)

Understand (hiểu)

Have (có)

Believe (tin tưởng)

Hate (ghét)

Need (cần)

Hear (nghe)

Love (yêu)

Appear (xuất hiện)

See (nhìn)

Like (thích)

Seem (dường như)

Smell (ngửi)

Want (muốn)

Taste (nếm)

Wish (ước)

Sound (nghe có vẻ)

Own (sở hữu)

Nhưng khi chúng là động từ hành động thì chúng lại được phép dùng ở thể tiếp diễn.

Ví dụ: He has a lot of books. (KHÔNG DÙNG: He is having a lot of books) Tuy nhiên, có thể:

Ví dụ: He is having his dinner. (Anh ay ĐANG ăn tối - hành động ăn đang diễn ra)

e. Cách thêm" ing "vào sau động từ

- Thông thường ta thêm" ing "trực tiếp vào ngay sau động từ:

Ví dụ: Learn - learning; play - playing; study - studying.

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là"... "

Ta bỏ"... "

Ở cuối từ và thêm" ing "

Ví dụ: Shine - shining; live - living;

Ngoại lệ: See - seeing; agree - agreeing; dye - dyeing.

- Nếu động từ có một âm tiết hoặc động từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 và kết thúc bằng một phụ âm nhưng đằng trước nó là một nguyên âm (e, o, i, u, a) thì phải nhân đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm" ing "

Ví dụ: Run - running; sit - sitting; admit - admitting,

f. Chú ý: Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn đạt ý nghĩa trong tương lai

Khi chúng ta đang nói về những gì chúng ta đã thu xếp rồi, hãy sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.

Ví dụ:

A: Ann is coming tomorrow morning? B: What time is she arriving?

A: At 10.30

B: Are you meeting her at the station?

B: I can't. I'm working tomorrow morning.

3. Thì hiện tai hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ you/ we/ they + have + PII He/ she/ it + has + PII

Phủ định

I/ you/ we/ they + haven't + PII

He/ she/ it + hasn't + PII

Nghi vấn

Have + I/ you/ we/ they + PII? Has + he/ she/ it + + PII?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ, đã hoàn thành và có kết quả ở hiện tại (ví dụ a, b) hoặc còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại (ví dụ c, d).

Ví dụ:

A. The teacher has just cleaned the board. (He started cleaning it some minutes ago and now the board is clean)

B. We have already corrected all the homework. (We started correcting the homework some minutes ago and now it is all corrected)

C. We have learned English for a year. (We started learning English a year ago and now we are still learning it)

D. I have lived in Ha Noi since 1990. (I started living in Hanoi and now we are still living in Ha Noi)

c. Các trạng ngữ của thì hiện tại hoàn thành.

- Just (vừa mới) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII.

- Already (đã) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII và thường dùng trong câu phủ định

- Recently = lately (gần đây) : Thường đặt cuối câu.

- Yet (chưa, vẫn chưa) : Thường được dùng trong câu phủ định

- Yet (đã, từng) : Đặt ở cuối câu

- Never (chưa bao giờ) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII.

- For + khoảng thời gian: For 2 years, for a month

- Since + mốc thời gian: Since 2 o'clock, since yesterday, since last week, since 1990, etc

d. Quá khứ phân từ

Đối với động từ có quy tắc, ta chỉ cần thêm" ed "vào sau động từ (nếu động từ kết thúc với"... "

Chỉ cần thêm"... "

Là đủ)

Ví dụ: Learn - learned; work - worked; live - lived.

Đối với động từ bất quy tắc: Ta xem trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc.

Ví dụ: Go - gone; see - seen; cut - cut; meet - met.

4. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Present Perfect Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ you/ we/ they + have + been + V-ing He/ she/ it + has +been +V-ing

Phủ định

I/ you/ we/ they + haven't + been + V-ing He/ she/ it + hasn't + been + V-ing

Nghi vấn

Have + I/ you/ we/ they + been + V-ing? Has + he/ she/ it + been + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động kéo dài bắt đầu từ quá khứ, đã hoàn thành ở hiện tại hoặc còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại.

Ví dụ:

A. The ground is wet. It has been raining.

B. My friend has been teaching English since 1980.

C. My hands are dirty. I have been working in the garage.

D. You're out of breath. Have you been running?

E. George hasn't been feeling well recently.

c. So sánh hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Progressive

I am tired. I have written 10 letters .

(Nhấn mạnh đến kết quả của hành động)

I am tired. I have been writing letters for 5 hours . (Nhấn mạnh đến tính kéo dài của hành động)

5. Thì quá khứ đơn (Past simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Động từ thường

To be

(+) S + Ved/ V2.

(-) S + didn't + V.

() Did + S + V?

(+) You/ We/ they + were.

I/ he/ she/ it + was.

(-) We/you/they + weren't. I/ he/ she/ it + wasn't.

() Were + you/ we/ they?

Was + I/ he/ she/ it?

Ø Chú ý:

- Đa số động từ ở thì quá khứ tận cùng bằng -ed, nhưng một số động từ quan trọng lại là động từ bất quy tắc. (Ta xem trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc đế hiểu rõ hơn)

- Dạng viết tắt: Was not = wasn't; were not = weren't; did not = didn't.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ:

A. My brother learned English 10 years ago.

B. I lived and worked in Hanoi in 1990.

C. Their parents went to Ho Chi Minh city last summer.

- Diễn tả một loạt các hoạt động liên tiếp trong quá khứ.

When she went home, she ate a cake, drank a glass of water then she went to bed.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp trong thì quá khứ đơn

- Ago (trước đây)

- Yesterday (hôm qua)

- Last month, last week, last year (tháng trước, tuần trước, năm trước)

- In + thời gian: In 1980, in 2000

d. Cách thêm đuôi ed

- Thêm -d vào sau các động từ tận cùng bằng -ee hoặc -e Ví dụ: Live ® lived; love ® loved; agree ® agreed.

- Đối với các động từ một âm tiết, tận cùng bằng một nguyên âm + một phụ âm (trừ h, w, x) chúng ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm -ed:

Ví dụ: Fit ® fitted; stop ® stopped; fix ® fixed.

- Động từ tận cùng bằng -y, ta chia ra làm 2 trường hợp:

Trước y là một phụ âm, ta biến y thành i trước khi thêm -ed: Study ® studied Trước y là một nguyên âm, ta thêm -ed bình thường: Play ® played

Với các động từ còn lại, ta thêm -ed

Ví dụ: work ® worked; learn ® learned

e. Đối với các động từ bất quy tắc. Ta xem thêm phụ lục bảng động từ bất quy tắc ở cuối sách.

Verb

Quá khứ đơn

Nghĩa

Go Do

Went Did

Đi làm

Make

Made

Tạo ra

Give

Gave

Đưa cho

Have

Had

Có

Come

Came

Đến

Bring

Brought

Mang theo

Get

Got

Được, lấy

Be

Was/ were

Thì, là, được

6. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ he/ she/ it + was + V-ing You/ we/ they + were + V-ing

Phủ định

I/ he/ she/ it + wasn't + V-ing You/ we/ they + weren't + V-ing

Nghi vấn

Was + I/ he/ she/ it + V-ing? Were + we/ you/ they + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ

Ví dụ:

At 12 o'clock yesterday, we were having lunch.

At this time 2 days ago, I was travelling in America.

- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào. (Hành động đang xảy ra chia thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động xen vào chia thì quá khứ đơn)

Ví dụ:

He was chatting with his friend when his mother came into the room. They were working when we got there.

- Diễn tả hai hành động đồng thời xảy ra tại cùng một thời điểm trong quá khứ, trong câu thường có từ" while".

Ví dụ:

My mother was cooking lunch while my father was cleaning the floor at 10 am yesterday. I was studying English while my brother was listening to music last night.

7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

S + had + PII

Phủ định

S + hadn't + PII

Nghi vấn

Had + S + PII

Ø Chú ý: Had not = hadn't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ:

A. Before I moved here in 1990, I had lived in Hanoi.

B. After they had seen the film, they went home.

C. When we arrived at the station, the train had left.

Ø Chú ý:

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành thường dùng kèm với thì quá khứ đơn để diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước khi hành động khác bắt đầu.

9. Thì tương lai đơn (Future Simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

S + will + V

Phủ định

S + won't + V

Nghi vấn

Will + S + V?

Ø Chú ý: Will not = won't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động sẽ được thực hiện trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will go to work by bus tomorrow.

- Để diễn tả một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói. A: It's hot.

B: Yes. I will turn on the air-conditioner.

- Diễn tả một lời hứa.

Thank you for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp

- Tomorrow (ngày mai)

- Next week, next month, next year (tuần tới, tháng tới, năm tới)

- Later (sau này)

- In + mốc thời gian trong tương lai: In 2020

- Sau một vài cụm từ quen thuộc như I'm sure..

I think..

I hope..

I believe..

Ví dụ: I think he will come next week I believe she will pass the exam.

10. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (Future Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + be + V-ing.

Phủ định

S + won't + be + V-ing.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + be + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will be working hard at 10 a. M tomorrow.

He will be reading a book this time tomorrow.

- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra thì có một hành động khác xen vào trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: When I get back at eleven, they will be sleeping.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp

- This time + thời gian trong tương lai

- At + giờ + danh từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: At 5 p. M tomorrow..

11. Thì tương lai hoàn thành (Future Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + have + PII.

Phủ định

S + won't + have + PII.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + have + PII.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ kết thúc trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác ở tương lai.

Ví dụ: He will have finished his work by 9 o'clock.

Taxi will have arrived by the time you finish dressing.

By next Sunday, you will have stayed with us for 3 weeks.

12. Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Future Perfect Continuous)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + have been + V-ing.

Phủ định

S + won't + have been + V-ing.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + have been + V-ing.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

Dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ tiếp diễn liên tục đến một thời điểm cho trước trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will have been studying English for 10 year by the end of next month.

13. Thì tương lai gần (near future)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

I + am going to + V.

You/ we/ they + are going to + V. He/ she/ it + is going to + V.

Phủ định

I + am not going to + V.

You/ we/ they + are not going to + V. He/ she/ it + is not going to + V.

Nghi vấn

Am + I going to + V?

Are + you/ we/ they going to + V? Is + he/ she/ it + going to + V?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Dùng để diễn tả một dự định, kế hoạch trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: He is going to get married this year.

We are going to take a trip to HCM city this weekend.

- Dùng để diễn đạt một dự đoán có căn cứ, có dẫn chứng cụ thể.

Ví dụ: Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain.

Are you going to cook dinner? I have seen a lot of vegetables on the table.

BÀI TẬP

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: CÁC THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (TENSES OF VERB)

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Where's John? He (listen) to a new CD in his room.

2. Don't forget to take your umbrella with you to London. You know it always (rain) in England.

3. Jean (work) hard all day but she (not work) at the moment.

4. Look! That boy (run) after the bus. He (want) to catch it.

5. He (speak) German so well because he (come) from Germany.

6. Shh! The boss (come) We (meet) him in an hour and nothing is ready!

7. Oh no! Look! It (snow) again. It always (snow) in this country.

8. Mary (swim) very well, but she (not run) very fast.

9. Sorry I can't help you. I (not know) where she keeps her files.

10. I (think) your new hat (look) nice on you.

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. I (live) with my parents but right now I (stay) with some friends for a few days.

2. I can't talk on the phone now. I (drive) home.

3. Where are the children? They (lie) on the beach over there.

4. He (not understand) what you (talk) about. He's foreign.

5. How much your suitcase (weigh) ? It (look) really heavy.

6. Normally I (start) work at eight o'clock but I (start) at 7 this week. We are busy just now.

7. What's that smell? Something (burn) in the kitchen.

8. I (work) overtime this month because I (save up) to buy a car.

9. He (smoke) thirty cigarettes a day but at the moment he (try) very hard to cut down.

10. We usually (read) books, (listen) to music or (watch) TV.

Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. What (do) now?

2. He (water) flowers in the garden.

3. At the moment, my sisters (play) volleyball and my brother (play) soccer.

4. It is 9.00; my family (watch) TV.

5. In the summer, I usually (go) to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we (have)

Tet Holiday; I (be) happy because I always (visit) my grandparents.

6. Her favourite subject (be) English.

7. Keep silent! I (listen) to the radio.

8. Every morning, I (watch) TV at 10.00, but today I (listen) to music at 10.00.

9. At the moment, I (read) a book and my brother (watch) TV.

10. They usually (get up) at 6.00 in the morning.

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. I (receive) a letter just a few minutes ago.

2. They (live) in London since 1980.

3. Linda is working in this department. She (work) here for two years.

4. Up to present, John (do) good work in the class.

5. (they/ put) their book on my desk last night?

6. He (study) English at this school for six weeks up to now.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They (be) empty for many years.

8. Cindy is in her office. She (be) there since 7 o'clock.

9. My sister (come) to see me last night.

10. My friend George is learning Japanese. He (learn) it for six months.

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. I (not/learn) very much when I was at school.

2. I (have) this bike since I was a teenager and I still use it.

3. John, I'm furious with you. I (wait) in this rain for half an hour.

4. They (not eat) meat since they (see) that film about farm animals.

5. Up to now, we (write) almost every lesson in the book.

6. Last year we (go) to Finland for a holiday.

7. I (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.

8. (you/ ever/ be) to United State?

9. When I (be) a child, I (not like) sports.

10. Kathy loves travelling. She (visit) many countries in Europe and Asia.

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous

1. I (buy) a new pair of shoes.

2. (you/ finish) reading that book yet? I (read) but I am still at chapter 10.

3. There is only a little cake left because your dad (eat) it in the past 3 days.

4. I (not/ see) you for ages, how have you been?

5. I (drive) for over eight hours now. I am extremely tired.

6. Sarah (lose) a lot of weight lately, I hope she doesn't get sick.

7. Bryan (write) seven books and they are all published.

8. Bryan (write) all night and he's got 30 pages so far.

9. Gorge (find) an amazing job at the local pharmacist.

10. We are out of money because your mother (spend) it all.

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. I (go) down the street when it began to rain.

2. At this time last year, I (attend) an English course.

3. Jim (stand) under the tree when he heard an explosion.

4. The boy fell and hurt himself while he (ride) a bicycle.

5. When we met them last year, they (live) in Santiago.

6. The tourist lost his camera while he (walk) around the city.

7. The lorry (go) very fast when it hit our car.

8. While I (study) in my room, my roommate (have) a party in the other room.

9. We (sit) in the café when they saw us.

10. I (call) Mr. Wilson at 9 last night, but he (not be) at home. He (study) at the library.

Exercise 8: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. I (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep)

2. It (be) beautiful yesterday when we (go) for a walk in the park. The sun (shine)

The birds (sing).

3. My brother and sister (talk) about something when I (walk) into the room.

4. Tom (go) to his friend's house, but the boys (not be) there. They (play) soccer in the vacant lot down the street.

5. The little boy (fall) asleep while his mother (read) him a story.

6. I really (enjoy) my holiday last January. While it (snow) in Iowa, the sun (shine)

In Florida.

7. While Ted (shovel) snow from his driveway yesterday, his wife (bring) him a cup of hot chocolate.

8. John (have) a car accident last week. He (drive) down the street when suddenly a lorry (hit) his car from behind.

9. Ten years ago, the government (decide) to begin a food programme. At that time, many people in the rural area (starve) due to several years of drought.

10. They (wait) for me when I (arrive) at the station.

Exercise 9: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous or past perfect.

1. I never get up from the table before others (finish).

2. It is already 9: 30 pm and I (wait) here for over an hour. If John does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.

3. Did you hear that Ben was fired last month? He (work) for that import company for more than ten years and he (work) in almost every department.

4. I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt last summer. Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually quite small.

5. Sarah (climb) Mount Everest, (sail) around the world, and (go) on safari in Kenya. She is such an adventurous person.

6. Susan (climb) Mount Everest, (sail) around the world, and (go) on safari in Kenya by the time she was twenty-five. She (experience) more by that age than most people do in their entire lives.

7. Before my trip to Paris two years ago, I (never be) to France.

8. When we finally stopped him, the squirrel (already eat) five cookies.

9. Ben (try) to open his own restaurant for the last few years. He (just finish) the painting, but he (not do) the decorating yet.

10. You look tired. How long (run) ?

Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets: Past perfect or past perfect continuous.

1. By 9 o'clock, we (finish) our homework.

2. By the end of the month I (live) in this town for ten years.

3. By the end of this week we (work) on the project for a month.

4. They (leave) the classroom by the end of the hour.

5. By July the fifth they (study) English for 3 years.

6. By 10 o'clock she (watch) TV for 4 hours.

7. She (sleep) for 10 hours by 11 o'clock.

8. We (go) home by next week.

9. We (look for) him for 40 days by next Saturday.

10. She (return) from the excursion by 6 o'clock.

11. (buy/ he) the new house by October?

12. They (wait) for the president for 5 hours.

13. The sun (not/ rise) by 4 o'clock.

14. (you/ do) the shopping by 3 o'clock?

15. By 2018 we (live) in Madrid for 20 years.

Exercise 11: Put the verbs in brackets: Present simple or future simple or future continuous.

1. Right now, I am watching TV. Tomorrow at this time, I (watch) TV as well.

2. When you (get) off the plane, I (wait) for you.

3. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine)

4. When I (get) to the party, Sally and Doug (dance), John (make) drinks, and Sue and Frank (discuss) something controversial.

5. Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?

Marcus: He (wait) for us when our train arrives. I (be) sure he (stand)

On the platform when we pull into the station.

6. Doug: If you (need) to contact me next week, I (stay) at the Hoffman Hotel. Nancy: I (call) you if there are any problems.

Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids. Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) be fine.

7. Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) on a tropical beach in Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.

Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) out over this marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?

Samantha: I'll manage somehow.

Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?

Samantha: No. But I (send) you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand beach. Darren: Great, that (make) me feel much better.

Exercise 12: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. A: I have got a terrible headache.

B: Have you? Wait there and I (get) an aspirin for you.

2. A: Why are you filing that bucket with water? B: I (wash) the car.

3. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, have you? What color (paint) paint it?

4. A: Look! There is smoke coming out of the house. It's on fire!

B: Good Heavens! I (call) the fire-brigade immediately.

5. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it? B: No, it looks as if it (fall) down.

6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping? B: Yes, I (buy) something for the dinner.

7. A: I can't work out how to use this camera.

B: It's quite easy. I (show) show you.

8. A: What would you like to drink - tea or coffee? B: I (have) tea please.

9. A: Has Greg decided on what to do when he leaves school?

B: Oh yes. Everything is planned. He (have) a holiday for a few weeks and then he (start)

A computer programming course.

10. A: Did you buy chicken?

B: Oh, no! I forgot to buy it. I (remember) to buy some tomorrow.

Exercise 13: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. A: Why are you putting on your coat?

B: I (take) my dog out for a walk.

2. I bought a new book this morning. I (stay) at home and start reading my favorite chapter.

3. What (happen) to Daniel's family if he still doesn't find a job?

4. A: Why are you waking up at 2 a. M?

B: I (watch) the match between Liverpool and Manchester United.

5. A: I can't hear the television!

B: I (turn) it up so that you can hear it.

6. A: Aw. I'm about to fall asleep. I had very little sleep last night.

B: Oh, dear? I (get) you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.

7. They are going to deliver the sofas to my flat this afternoon. I just can't handle them on my own. (you/ come) to give me a hand?

8. As soon as the weather's fine again, we (walk) down to the beach and you can take a lot of photos there.

9. A: What do you want to study after graduation?

B: I (study) Environmental Economics. I've always been interested since I read a book about it.

10. Eler husband found a new job in Birmingham last month. They (go) to the city next week.

Exercise 14: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. I love London. I (probably/ go) there next year.

2. What (wear/ you) at the party tonight?

3. I haven't made up my mind yet. But I think I (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe.

4. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I (do) it now.

5. Tonight, I (stay) home. I've rented a video.

6. I feel dreadful. I (be) sick.

7. If you have any problem, I (help) you.

8. The weather forecast says it (not/ snow) tomorrow

9. I promise that I (not/ come) late.

10. Look at those clouds. It (rain) now.

Exercise 15: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future continuous.

1. The plane (land) by the time we arrive at the airport in this slow traffic.

2. Don't worry. You and I (cover) most of the distance by noon.

3. Hopefully we (finish) the construction work before the end of this month.

4. Erine and Brooke are planning to set off in the afternoon. I hope the weather conditions (improve)

By then.

5. My parents are going to London, so I (stay) with my grandma for the next 2 weeks.

6. I (play) tennis all day long tomorrow.

7. The band (play) when the President enters.

8. This time tomorrow Anna (fly) to Japan. Her friends (wait) for her at Tokyo airport.

9. At this time next year, I (study) in Singapore.

10. I (go out) with friend while my husband (watch) the football match tomorrow.

Exercise 16: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future perfect continuous.

1. By this time next week, my wife (fast) for exactly 24 days.

2. By this time tomorrow, he (work) at his job for one week.

3. I don't know what I (do) when you come tomorrow, so give me a call if you cannot find me.

4. Dennis and I (be) walking around a little later tonight.

5. (you/ drive) to Canada tomorrow around 5 o'clock?

6. By the time they decide, I (be) taking care of their kids for centuries.

7. This summer, Nadine (reside) in Detroit for 25 years.

8. By the time you come back, Jenna (sing) for commercials for the whole summer.

9. My mother (probably/ be) cooking when we get home.

10. By next week, I (see) my girlfriend for 1 year.

ANSWER KEY

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Is listening 6. Is coming; are meeting

2. Is always raining 7. Is snowing; snows

3. Works; is not working 8. Swims; doesn't run

4. Is running; wants 9. Don't know

5. Speaks; comes 10. Think; looks

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Live; am staying 6. Start; am starting

2. Am driving 7. Is burning

3. Are lying 8. Am working; am saving up

4. Doesn't understand; are talking 9. Smokes; is trying

5. Does your suitcase weigh; looks 10. Read; listen; watch

Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Is he doing 6. Is

2. Is watering 7. Am listening

3. Is playing; is playing 8. Watch; am listening

4. Is watching 9. Am reading; is watching

5. Go; have; am; visit 10. Get up

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. Have just received 6. Has studied

2. Have lived 7. Have been

3. Has worked 8. Has been

4. Has done 9. Came

5. Did they put 10. Has learnt

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. Have not learnt 6. Went

2. Have had 7. Played

3. Have been waiting 8. Have you ever been

4. Have not eaten; saw 9. Was; did not like

5. Have written 10. Has visited

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous

1. Have bought 6. Has lost

2. Have you finished; have been reading 7. Has written

3. Has been eating 8. Has been writing

4. Haven't seen 9. Has found

5. Have been driving 10. Has spent

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. Was going 6. Was walking

2. Was attending 7. Was going

3. Was standing 8. Was studying; had

4. Was riding 9. Were sitting

5. Was living 10. Called; was not; was studying

Exercise 8: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. Did not hear; was sleeping 6. Enjoyed; was snowing; was shining

2. Was; went; was shining; was singing 7. Was shoveling; brought

3. Were talking; walked 8. Had; was driving; hit

4. Went; were not; were playing 9. Decided; were starving

5. Fell; was reading 10. Were waiting; arrived

Exercise 9: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous or past perfect.

1. Have finished 7. Had never been

2. Have been waiting 8. Had already eaten

3. Had been working; had worked 9. Has been trying; has just finished; hasn't done

4. Had seen 10. Have you been running

5. Has climbed; has sailed; has gone

6. Had climbed; had sailed; had gone: Had experienced

Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets: Past perfect or past perfect continuous.

1. Will have finished 9. Will have been looking

2. Will have been living 10. Will have bought

3. Will have been working 11. Will he have bought

4. Will have left 12. Will have been waiting

5. Will have been studying 13. Will have not risen

6. Will have been watching 14. Will you have done

7. Will have been sleeping 15. Will have been living

8. Will have gone

Exercise 11: Put the verbs in brackets: Present simple or future simple or future continuous.

1. Will be watching

2. Get; will be waiting

3. Wake; will be shining

4. Get; will be dancing; will be making; will be discussing

5. Will be waiting; am; will be standing

6. Need; will be staying; will call; will be

7. Will be lying; will be stressing; will send; will make

Exercise 12: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Will get 6. Am going to buy

2. Am going to wash 7. Will show

3. Are you painting 8. Will have

4. Will call 9. Is going to have; is going to start

5. Is going to fall 10. Will remember

Exercise 13: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Am going to take 6. Will get

2. Am going to stay 7. Will you come

3. Will happen 8. Will walk

4. Am going to watch 9. Am going to study

5. Will turn 10. Are going to

Exercise 14: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Will probably go 6. Am going to be

2. Are you going to wear 7. Will help

3. Will find 8. Will not snow

4. Will do 9. Will not come

5. Am going to stay 10. Is going to rain

Exercise 15: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future continuous.

1. Will have landed 6. Will be playing

2. Will have covered 7. Will be playing

3. Will have finished 8. Will be flying; will be waiting

4. Will have improved 9. Will be studying

5. Will be staying 10. Will be going out; will be watching

Exercise 16: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future perfect continuous.

1. Will have been fasting 6. Will have been

2. Will have been working 7. Will have been residing

3. Will be doing 8. Will have been singing

4. Will be 9. Will probably be

5. Will you be driving 10. Will have been seeing​

​

 

Chuyên Đề 1: Các Thì Của Động Từ (Tenses Of Verb)​

1. Thì hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Động từ thường

To be

(+) I/ you/ we/ they + V He/ she/ it + V (s/es)

(-) I /we /you/ they + don't + V He /she / it + doesn't + V

() Do + I/ you/ we/ they + V?

Does + he/ she/ it + V?

(+) I + am..

You/ we/ they + are.. He/ she/ it + is..

(-) I + am not..

You/ we/ they + aren't.. He/ she/ it + isn't..

() Am I?

Are we/you/they? Is he/ she/ it?

Ø Chú ý: Are not = aren't is not = isn't

Do not = don't does not = doesn't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn đạt một hành động mang tính thường xuyên, một thói quen, hoặc hành động lặp đi lặp lại có tính quy luật.

Ví dụ: Linda goes to school every day.

My mother usually has breakfast at 7 a. M.

- Diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên

Ví dụ: The earth goes around the sun. Water boils at 100 degrees C.

- Diễn tả một thời gian biểu hoặc một lịch trình Ví dụ: The plane arrives at 8 p. M. Tonight.

The news programme starts at 7 p. M.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường dùng

Trong câu thường có các trạng từ chỉ tần suất như:

Always (luôn luôn) sometimes (thi thoảng)

Often (thường xuyên) seldom (hiếm khi)

Usually (thường xuyên) never (không bao giờ)

Every: Every day/ week/ month/ year (hàng ngày/ hàng tuần/ hàng tháng/ hàng năm) In the morning/ afternoon/ evening (Vào buổi sáng/ chiều/ tối)

d. Cách thêm đuôi s/es

Sau ngôi thứ 3 số ít, động từ được thêm đuôi "s" hoặc "es"

- Thông thường, ta thêm đuôi s vào sau hầu hết các động từ.

- Khi động từ có tận cùng bằng các âm: o, ch, sh, ss, x thì ta thêm đuôi es

Ví dụ: Goes, watches, finishes, misses

Ø Chú ý: Những động từ có tận cùng bằng "y" và trước đó là 1 phụ âm, ta phải đổi "y" thành "i" trước khi thêm "es'

Ví dụ: Fly - flies; carry – carries

2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

Phủ định

Nghi vấn

I + am + V-ing

You/ we/ they + are + V-ing

I + am not + V-ing

You/ we/ they + aren't + V-ing

Am + I + V-ing?

Are + you/ we/ they + V-ing?

He/ she/ it + is + V-ing

He/she/it + isn't + V-ing

Is + he/ she/ it + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói (ví dụ a, b) hoặc hành động xảy ra xung quanh thời điểm nói (ví dụ c).

Ví dụ: a. Please don't make so much noise. I'm studying.

B. Look at the sun, it is shining brightly.

C. We learn maths every Monday afternoon, but this afternoon we are learning English.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường dùng

- Now, at present, at the moment, right now etc.

- Hoặc một số động từ như: Look! Listen! Watch out! Etc.

d. Các động từ thường không được dùng ở thời tiếp diễn

Các động từ trạng thái ở bảng sau không được chia ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn khi chúng là những động từ tĩnh diễn đạt trạng thái, giác quan hoặc tình cảm.

Know (biết)

Understand (hiểu)

Have (có)

Believe (tin tưởng)

Hate (ghét)

Need (cần)

Hear (nghe)

Love (yêu)

Appear (xuất hiện)

See (nhìn)

Like (thích)

Seem (dường như)

Smell (ngửi)

Want (muốn)

Taste (nếm)

Wish (ước)

Sound (nghe có vẻ)

Own (sở hữu)

Nhưng khi chúng là động từ hành động thì chúng lại được phép dùng ở thể tiếp diễn.

Ví dụ: He has a lot of books. (KHÔNG DÙNG: He is having a lot of books) Tuy nhiên, có thể:

Ví dụ: He is having his dinner. (Anh ay ĐANG ăn tối - hành động ăn đang diễn ra)

e. Cách thêm" ing "vào sau động từ

- Thông thường ta thêm" ing "trực tiếp vào ngay sau động từ:

Ví dụ: Learn - learning; play - playing; study - studying.

- Khi động từ có tận cùng là"... "

Ta bỏ"... "

Ở cuối từ và thêm" ing "

Ví dụ: Shine - shining; live - living;

Ngoại lệ: See - seeing; agree - agreeing; dye - dyeing.

- Nếu động từ có một âm tiết hoặc động từ có 2 âm tiết nhưng trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 và kết thúc bằng một phụ âm nhưng đằng trước nó là một nguyên âm (e, o, i, u, a) thì phải nhân đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm" ing "

Ví dụ: Run - running; sit - sitting; admit - admitting,

f. Chú ý: Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn đạt ý nghĩa trong tương lai

Khi chúng ta đang nói về những gì chúng ta đã thu xếp rồi, hãy sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn.

Ví dụ:

A: Ann is coming tomorrow morning? B: What time is she arriving?

A: At 10.30

B: Are you meeting her at the station?

B: I can't. I'm working tomorrow morning.

3. Thì hiện tai hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ you/ we/ they + have + PII He/ she/ it + has + PII

Phủ định

I/ you/ we/ they + haven't + PII

He/ she/ it + hasn't + PII

Nghi vấn

Have + I/ you/ we/ they + PII? Has + he/ she/ it + + PII?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu từ quá khứ, đã hoàn thành và có kết quả ở hiện tại (ví dụ a, b) hoặc còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại (ví dụ c, d).

Ví dụ:

A. The teacher has just cleaned the board. (He started cleaning it some minutes ago and now the board is clean)

B. We have already corrected all the homework. (We started correcting the homework some minutes ago and now it is all corrected)

C. We have learned English for a year. (We started learning English a year ago and now we are still learning it)

D. I have lived in Ha Noi since 1990. (I started living in Hanoi and now we are still living in Ha Noi)

c. Các trạng ngữ của thì hiện tại hoàn thành.

- Just (vừa mới) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII.

- Already (đã) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII và thường dùng trong câu phủ định

- Recently = lately (gần đây) : Thường đặt cuối câu.

- Yet (chưa, vẫn chưa) : Thường được dùng trong câu phủ định

- Yet (đã, từng) : Đặt ở cuối câu

- Never (chưa bao giờ) : Thường được đặt giữa have/has và PII.

- For + khoảng thời gian: For 2 years, for a month

- Since + mốc thời gian: Since 2 o'clock, since yesterday, since last week, since 1990, etc

d. Quá khứ phân từ

Đối với động từ có quy tắc, ta chỉ cần thêm" ed "vào sau động từ (nếu động từ kết thúc với"... "

Chỉ cần thêm"... "

Là đủ)

Ví dụ: Learn - learned; work - worked; live - lived.

Đối với động từ bất quy tắc: Ta xem trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc.

Ví dụ: Go - gone; see - seen; cut - cut; meet - met.

4. Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Present Perfect Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ you/ we/ they + have + been + V-ing He/ she/ it + has +been +V-ing

Phủ định

I/ you/ we/ they + haven't + been + V-ing He/ she/ it + hasn't + been + V-ing

Nghi vấn

Have + I/ you/ we/ they + been + V-ing? Has + he/ she/ it + been + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động kéo dài bắt đầu từ quá khứ, đã hoàn thành ở hiện tại hoặc còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại.

Ví dụ:

A. The ground is wet. It has been raining.

B. My friend has been teaching English since 1980.

C. My hands are dirty. I have been working in the garage.

D. You're out of breath. Have you been running?

E. George hasn't been feeling well recently.

c. So sánh hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Progressive

I am tired. I have written 10 letters .

(Nhấn mạnh đến kết quả của hành động)

I am tired. I have been writing letters for 5 hours . (Nhấn mạnh đến tính kéo dài của hành động)

5. Thì quá khứ đơn (Past simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Động từ thường

To be

(+) S + Ved/ V2.

(-) S + didn't + V.

() Did + S + V?

(+) You/ We/ they + were.

I/ he/ she/ it + was.

(-) We/you/they + weren't. I/ he/ she/ it + wasn't.

() Were + you/ we/ they?

Was + I/ he/ she/ it?

Ø Chú ý:

- Đa số động từ ở thì quá khứ tận cùng bằng -ed, nhưng một số động từ quan trọng lại là động từ bất quy tắc. (Ta xem trong bảng động từ bất quy tắc đế hiểu rõ hơn)

- Dạng viết tắt: Was not = wasn't; were not = weren't; did not = didn't.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc tại một thời điểm trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ:

A. My brother learned English 10 years ago.

B. I lived and worked in Hanoi in 1990.

C. Their parents went to Ho Chi Minh city last summer.

- Diễn tả một loạt các hoạt động liên tiếp trong quá khứ.

When she went home, she ate a cake, drank a glass of water then she went to bed.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp trong thì quá khứ đơn

- Ago (trước đây)

- Yesterday (hôm qua)

- Last month, last week, last year (tháng trước, tuần trước, năm trước)

- In + thời gian: In 1980, in 2000

d. Cách thêm đuôi ed

- Thêm -d vào sau các động từ tận cùng bằng -ee hoặc -e Ví dụ: Live ® lived; love ® loved; agree ® agreed.

- Đối với các động từ một âm tiết, tận cùng bằng một nguyên âm + một phụ âm (trừ h, w, x) chúng ta phải gấp đôi phụ âm trước khi thêm -ed:

Ví dụ: Fit ® fitted; stop ® stopped; fix ® fixed.

- Động từ tận cùng bằng -y, ta chia ra làm 2 trường hợp:

Trước y là một phụ âm, ta biến y thành i trước khi thêm -ed: Study ® studied Trước y là một nguyên âm, ta thêm -ed bình thường: Play ® played

Với các động từ còn lại, ta thêm -ed

Ví dụ: work ® worked; learn ® learned

e. Đối với các động từ bất quy tắc. Ta xem thêm phụ lục bảng động từ bất quy tắc ở cuối sách.

Verb

Quá khứ đơn

Nghĩa

Go Do

Went Did

Đi làm

Make

Made

Tạo ra

Give

Gave

Đưa cho

Have

Had

Có

Come

Came

Đến

Bring

Brought

Mang theo

Get

Got

Được, lấy

Be

Was/ were

Thì, là, được

6. Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

I/ he/ she/ it + was + V-ing You/ we/ they + were + V-ing

Phủ định

I/ he/ she/ it + wasn't + V-ing You/ we/ they + weren't + V-ing

Nghi vấn

Was + I/ he/ she/ it + V-ing? Were + we/ you/ they + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ

Ví dụ:

At 12 o'clock yesterday, we were having lunch.

At this time 2 days ago, I was travelling in America.

- Dùng để diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào. (Hành động đang xảy ra chia thì quá khứ tiếp diễn, hành động xen vào chia thì quá khứ đơn)

Ví dụ:

He was chatting with his friend when his mother came into the room. They were working when we got there.

- Diễn tả hai hành động đồng thời xảy ra tại cùng một thời điểm trong quá khứ, trong câu thường có từ" while".

Ví dụ:

My mother was cooking lunch while my father was cleaning the floor at 10 am yesterday. I was studying English while my brother was listening to music last night.

7. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

S + had + PII

Phủ định

S + hadn't + PII

Nghi vấn

Had + S + PII

Ø Chú ý: Had not = hadn't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ:

A. Before I moved here in 1990, I had lived in Hanoi.

B. After they had seen the film, they went home.

C. When we arrived at the station, the train had left.

Ø Chú ý:

Thì quá khứ hoàn thành thường dùng kèm với thì quá khứ đơn để diễn tả hành động xảy ra và kết thúc trước khi hành động khác bắt đầu.

9. Thì tương lai đơn (Future Simple)

a. Cấu trúc (form)

Khẳng định

S + will + V

Phủ định

S + won't + V

Nghi vấn

Will + S + V?

Ø Chú ý: Will not = won't

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động sẽ được thực hiện trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will go to work by bus tomorrow.

- Để diễn tả một quyết định ngay tại thời điểm nói. A: It's hot.

B: Yes. I will turn on the air-conditioner.

- Diễn tả một lời hứa.

Thank you for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp

- Tomorrow (ngày mai)

- Next week, next month, next year (tuần tới, tháng tới, năm tới)

- Later (sau này)

- In + mốc thời gian trong tương lai: In 2020

- Sau một vài cụm từ quen thuộc như I'm sure..

I think..

I hope..

I believe..

Ví dụ: I think he will come next week I believe she will pass the exam.

10. Thì tương lai tiếp diễn (Future Progressive)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + be + V-ing.

Phủ định

S + won't + be + V-ing.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + be + V-ing?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả hành động đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will be working hard at 10 a. M tomorrow.

He will be reading a book this time tomorrow.

- Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra thì có một hành động khác xen vào trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: When I get back at eleven, they will be sleeping.

c. Các trạng ngữ thường gặp

- This time + thời gian trong tương lai

- At + giờ + danh từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai: At 5 p. M tomorrow..

11. Thì tương lai hoàn thành (Future Perfect)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + have + PII.

Phủ định

S + won't + have + PII.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + have + PII.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Diễn tả một hành động sẽ kết thúc trước một thời điểm hoặc một hành động khác ở tương lai.

Ví dụ: He will have finished his work by 9 o'clock.

Taxi will have arrived by the time you finish dressing.

By next Sunday, you will have stayed with us for 3 weeks.

12. Thì tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn (Future Perfect Continuous)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

S + will + have been + V-ing.

Phủ định

S + won't + have been + V-ing.

Nghi vấn

Will + S + have been + V-ing.

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

Dùng để diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ tiếp diễn liên tục đến một thời điểm cho trước trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: I will have been studying English for 10 year by the end of next month.

13. Thì tương lai gần (near future)

a. Cấu trúc

Khẳng định

I + am going to + V.

You/ we/ they + are going to + V. He/ she/ it + is going to + V.

Phủ định

I + am not going to + V.

You/ we/ they + are not going to + V. He/ she/ it + is not going to + V.

Nghi vấn

Am + I going to + V?

Are + you/ we/ they going to + V? Is + he/ she/ it + going to + V?

b. Cách sử dụng (Usage)

- Dùng để diễn tả một dự định, kế hoạch trong tương lai.

Ví dụ: He is going to get married this year.

We are going to take a trip to HCM city this weekend.

- Dùng để diễn đạt một dự đoán có căn cứ, có dẫn chứng cụ thể.

Ví dụ: Look at those dark clouds! It is going to rain.

Are you going to cook dinner? I have seen a lot of vegetables on the table.

BÀI TẬP

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: CÁC THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ (TENSES OF VERB)

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Where's John? He (listen) to a new CD in his room.

2. Don't forget to take your umbrella with you to London. You know it always (rain) in England.

3. Jean (work) hard all day but she (not work) at the moment.

4. Look! That boy (run) after the bus. He (want) to catch it.

5. He (speak) German so well because he (come) from Germany.

6. Shh! The boss (come) We (meet) him in an hour and nothing is ready!

7. Oh no! Look! It (snow) again. It always (snow) in this country.

8. Mary (swim) very well, but she (not run) very fast.

9. Sorry I can't help you. I (not know) where she keeps her files.

10. I (think) your new hat (look) nice on you.

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. I (live) with my parents but right now I (stay) with some friends for a few days.

2. I can't talk on the phone now. I (drive) home.

3. Where are the children? They (lie) on the beach over there.

4. He (not understand) what you (talk) about. He's foreign.

5. How much your suitcase (weigh) ? It (look) really heavy.

6. Normally I (start) work at eight o'clock but I (start) at 7 this week. We are busy just now.

7. What's that smell? Something (burn) in the kitchen.

8. I (work) overtime this month because I (save up) to buy a car.

9. He (smoke) thirty cigarettes a day but at the moment he (try) very hard to cut down.

10. We usually (read) books, (listen) to music or (watch) TV.

Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. What (do) now?

2. He (water) flowers in the garden.

3. At the moment, my sisters (play) volleyball and my brother (play) soccer.

4. It is 9.00; my family (watch) TV.

5. In the summer, I usually (go) to the park with my friends, and in the spring, we (have)

Tet Holiday; I (be) happy because I always (visit) my grandparents.

6. Her favourite subject (be) English.

7. Keep silent! I (listen) to the radio.

8. Every morning, I (watch) TV at 10.00, but today I (listen) to music at 10.00.

9. At the moment, I (read) a book and my brother (watch) TV.

10. They usually (get up) at 6.00 in the morning.

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. I (receive) a letter just a few minutes ago.

2. They (live) in London since 1980.

3. Linda is working in this department. She (work) here for two years.

4. Up to present, John (do) good work in the class.

5. (they/ put) their book on my desk last night?

6. He (study) English at this school for six weeks up to now.

7. Nobody lives in those houses. They (be) empty for many years.

8. Cindy is in her office. She (be) there since 7 o'clock.

9. My sister (come) to see me last night.

10. My friend George is learning Japanese. He (learn) it for six months.

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. I (not/learn) very much when I was at school.

2. I (have) this bike since I was a teenager and I still use it.

3. John, I'm furious with you. I (wait) in this rain for half an hour.

4. They (not eat) meat since they (see) that film about farm animals.

5. Up to now, we (write) almost every lesson in the book.

6. Last year we (go) to Finland for a holiday.

7. I (play) tennis yesterday afternoon.

8. (you/ ever/ be) to United State?

9. When I (be) a child, I (not like) sports.

10. Kathy loves travelling. She (visit) many countries in Europe and Asia.

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous

1. I (buy) a new pair of shoes.

2. (you/ finish) reading that book yet? I (read) but I am still at chapter 10.

3. There is only a little cake left because your dad (eat) it in the past 3 days.

4. I (not/ see) you for ages, how have you been?

5. I (drive) for over eight hours now. I am extremely tired.

6. Sarah (lose) a lot of weight lately, I hope she doesn't get sick.

7. Bryan (write) seven books and they are all published.

8. Bryan (write) all night and he's got 30 pages so far.

9. Gorge (find) an amazing job at the local pharmacist.

10. We are out of money because your mother (spend) it all.

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. I (go) down the street when it began to rain.

2. At this time last year, I (attend) an English course.

3. Jim (stand) under the tree when he heard an explosion.

4. The boy fell and hurt himself while he (ride) a bicycle.

5. When we met them last year, they (live) in Santiago.

6. The tourist lost his camera while he (walk) around the city.

7. The lorry (go) very fast when it hit our car.

8. While I (study) in my room, my roommate (have) a party in the other room.

9. We (sit) in the café when they saw us.

10. I (call) Mr. Wilson at 9 last night, but he (not be) at home. He (study) at the library.

Exercise 8: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. I (not hear) the thunder during the storm last night because I (sleep)

2. It (be) beautiful yesterday when we (go) for a walk in the park. The sun (shine)

The birds (sing).

3. My brother and sister (talk) about something when I (walk) into the room.

4. Tom (go) to his friend's house, but the boys (not be) there. They (play) soccer in the vacant lot down the street.

5. The little boy (fall) asleep while his mother (read) him a story.

6. I really (enjoy) my holiday last January. While it (snow) in Iowa, the sun (shine)

In Florida.

7. While Ted (shovel) snow from his driveway yesterday, his wife (bring) him a cup of hot chocolate.

8. John (have) a car accident last week. He (drive) down the street when suddenly a lorry (hit) his car from behind.

9. Ten years ago, the government (decide) to begin a food programme. At that time, many people in the rural area (starve) due to several years of drought.

10. They (wait) for me when I (arrive) at the station.

Exercise 9: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous or past perfect.

1. I never get up from the table before others (finish).

2. It is already 9: 30 pm and I (wait) here for over an hour. If John does not get here in the next five minutes, I am going to leave.

3. Did you hear that Ben was fired last month? He (work) for that import company for more than ten years and he (work) in almost every department.

4. I (see) many pictures of the pyramids before I went to Egypt last summer. Pictures of the monuments are very misleading. The pyramids are actually quite small.

5. Sarah (climb) Mount Everest, (sail) around the world, and (go) on safari in Kenya. She is such an adventurous person.

6. Susan (climb) Mount Everest, (sail) around the world, and (go) on safari in Kenya by the time she was twenty-five. She (experience) more by that age than most people do in their entire lives.

7. Before my trip to Paris two years ago, I (never be) to France.

8. When we finally stopped him, the squirrel (already eat) five cookies.

9. Ben (try) to open his own restaurant for the last few years. He (just finish) the painting, but he (not do) the decorating yet.

10. You look tired. How long (run) ?

Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets: Past perfect or past perfect continuous.

1. By 9 o'clock, we (finish) our homework.

2. By the end of the month I (live) in this town for ten years.

3. By the end of this week we (work) on the project for a month.

4. They (leave) the classroom by the end of the hour.

5. By July the fifth they (study) English for 3 years.

6. By 10 o'clock she (watch) TV for 4 hours.

7. She (sleep) for 10 hours by 11 o'clock.

8. We (go) home by next week.

9. We (look for) him for 40 days by next Saturday.

10. She (return) from the excursion by 6 o'clock.

11. (buy/ he) the new house by October?

12. They (wait) for the president for 5 hours.

13. The sun (not/ rise) by 4 o'clock.

14. (you/ do) the shopping by 3 o'clock?

15. By 2018 we (live) in Madrid for 20 years.

Exercise 11: Put the verbs in brackets: Present simple or future simple or future continuous.

1. Right now, I am watching TV. Tomorrow at this time, I (watch) TV as well.

2. When you (get) off the plane, I (wait) for you.

3. I am sick of rain and bad weather! Hopefully, when we (wake) up tomorrow morning, the sun (shine)

4. When I (get) to the party, Sally and Doug (dance), John (make) drinks, and Sue and Frank (discuss) something controversial.

5. Sandra: Where is Tim going to meet us?

Marcus: He (wait) for us when our train arrives. I (be) sure he (stand)

On the platform when we pull into the station.

6. Doug: If you (need) to contact me next week, I (stay) at the Hoffman Hotel. Nancy: I (call) you if there are any problems.

Doug: This is the first time I have ever been away from the kids. Nancy: Don't worry, they (be) be fine.

7. Samantha: Just think, next week at this time, I (lie) on a tropical beach in Maui drinking Mai Tais and eating pineapple.

Darren: While you are luxuriating on the beach, I (stress) out over this marketing project. How are you going to enjoy yourself knowing that I am working so hard?

Samantha: I'll manage somehow.

Darren: You're terrible. Can't you take me with you?

Samantha: No. But I (send) you a postcard of a beautiful, white sand beach. Darren: Great, that (make) me feel much better.

Exercise 12: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. A: I have got a terrible headache.

B: Have you? Wait there and I (get) an aspirin for you.

2. A: Why are you filing that bucket with water? B: I (wash) the car.

3. A: I've decided to repaint this room.

B: Oh, have you? What color (paint) paint it?

4. A: Look! There is smoke coming out of the house. It's on fire!

B: Good Heavens! I (call) the fire-brigade immediately.

5. A: The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it? B: No, it looks as if it (fall) down.

6. A: Where are you going? Are you going shopping? B: Yes, I (buy) something for the dinner.

7. A: I can't work out how to use this camera.

B: It's quite easy. I (show) show you.

8. A: What would you like to drink - tea or coffee? B: I (have) tea please.

9. A: Has Greg decided on what to do when he leaves school?

B: Oh yes. Everything is planned. He (have) a holiday for a few weeks and then he (start)

A computer programming course.

10. A: Did you buy chicken?

B: Oh, no! I forgot to buy it. I (remember) to buy some tomorrow.

Exercise 13: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. A: Why are you putting on your coat?

B: I (take) my dog out for a walk.

2. I bought a new book this morning. I (stay) at home and start reading my favorite chapter.

3. What (happen) to Daniel's family if he still doesn't find a job?

4. A: Why are you waking up at 2 a. M?

B: I (watch) the match between Liverpool and Manchester United.

5. A: I can't hear the television!

B: I (turn) it up so that you can hear it.

6. A: Aw. I'm about to fall asleep. I had very little sleep last night.

B: Oh, dear? I (get) you a cup of coffee. That will wake you up.

7. They are going to deliver the sofas to my flat this afternoon. I just can't handle them on my own. (you/ come) to give me a hand?

8. As soon as the weather's fine again, we (walk) down to the beach and you can take a lot of photos there.

9. A: What do you want to study after graduation?

B: I (study) Environmental Economics. I've always been interested since I read a book about it.

10. Eler husband found a new job in Birmingham last month. They (go) to the city next week.

Exercise 14: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. I love London. I (probably/ go) there next year.

2. What (wear/ you) at the party tonight?

3. I haven't made up my mind yet. But I think I (find) something nice in my mum's wardrobe.

4. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I (do) it now.

5. Tonight, I (stay) home. I've rented a video.

6. I feel dreadful. I (be) sick.

7. If you have any problem, I (help) you.

8. The weather forecast says it (not/ snow) tomorrow

9. I promise that I (not/ come) late.

10. Look at those clouds. It (rain) now.

Exercise 15: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future continuous.

1. The plane (land) by the time we arrive at the airport in this slow traffic.

2. Don't worry. You and I (cover) most of the distance by noon.

3. Hopefully we (finish) the construction work before the end of this month.

4. Erine and Brooke are planning to set off in the afternoon. I hope the weather conditions (improve)

By then.

5. My parents are going to London, so I (stay) with my grandma for the next 2 weeks.

6. I (play) tennis all day long tomorrow.

7. The band (play) when the President enters.

8. This time tomorrow Anna (fly) to Japan. Her friends (wait) for her at Tokyo airport.

9. At this time next year, I (study) in Singapore.

10. I (go out) with friend while my husband (watch) the football match tomorrow.

Exercise 16: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future perfect continuous.

1. By this time next week, my wife (fast) for exactly 24 days.

2. By this time tomorrow, he (work) at his job for one week.

3. I don't know what I (do) when you come tomorrow, so give me a call if you cannot find me.

4. Dennis and I (be) walking around a little later tonight.

5. (you/ drive) to Canada tomorrow around 5 o'clock?

6. By the time they decide, I (be) taking care of their kids for centuries.

7. This summer, Nadine (reside) in Detroit for 25 years.

8. By the time you come back, Jenna (sing) for commercials for the whole summer.

9. My mother (probably/ be) cooking when we get home.

10. By next week, I (see) my girlfriend for 1 year.

ANSWER KEY

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Is listening 6. Is coming; are meeting

2. Is always raining 7. Is snowing; snows

3. Works; is not working 8. Swims; doesn't run

4. Is running; wants 9. Don't know

5. Speaks; comes 10. Think; looks

Exercise 2: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Live; am staying 6. Start; am starting

2. Am driving 7. Is burning

3. Are lying 8. Am working; am saving up

4. Doesn't understand; are talking 9. Smokes; is trying

5. Does your suitcase weigh; looks 10. Read; listen; watch

Exercise 3: Put the verbs in brackets: Simple present or present continuous.

1. Is he doing 6. Is

2. Is watering 7. Am listening

3. Is playing; is playing 8. Watch; am listening

4. Is watching 9. Am reading; is watching

5. Go; have; am; visit 10. Get up

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. Have just received 6. Has studied

2. Have lived 7. Have been

3. Has worked 8. Has been

4. Has done 9. Came

5. Did they put 10. Has learnt

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or present perfect.

1. Have not learnt 6. Went

2. Have had 7. Played

3. Have been waiting 8. Have you ever been

4. Have not eaten; saw 9. Was; did not like

5. Have written 10. Has visited

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous

1. Have bought 6. Has lost

2. Have you finished; have been reading 7. Has written

3. Has been eating 8. Has been writing

4. Haven't seen 9. Has found

5. Have been driving 10. Has spent

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. Was going 6. Was walking

2. Was attending 7. Was going

3. Was standing 8. Was studying; had

4. Was riding 9. Were sitting

5. Was living 10. Called; was not; was studying

Exercise 8: Put the verbs in brackets: Past simple or past continuous.

1. Did not hear; was sleeping 6. Enjoyed; was snowing; was shining

2. Was; went; was shining; was singing 7. Was shoveling; brought

3. Were talking; walked 8. Had; was driving; hit

4. Went; were not; were playing 9. Decided; were starving

5. Fell; was reading 10. Were waiting; arrived

Exercise 9: Put the verbs in brackets: Present perfect or present perfect continuous or past perfect.

1. Have finished 7. Had never been

2. Have been waiting 8. Had already eaten

3. Had been working; had worked 9. Has been trying; has just finished; hasn't done

4. Had seen 10. Have you been running

5. Has climbed; has sailed; has gone

6. Had climbed; had sailed; had gone: Had experienced

Exercise 10: Put the verbs in brackets: Past perfect or past perfect continuous.

1. Will have finished 9. Will have been looking

2. Will have been living 10. Will have bought

3. Will have been working 11. Will he have bought

4. Will have left 12. Will have been waiting

5. Will have been studying 13. Will have not risen

6. Will have been watching 14. Will you have done

7. Will have been sleeping 15. Will have been living

8. Will have gone

Exercise 11: Put the verbs in brackets: Present simple or future simple or future continuous.

1. Will be watching

2. Get; will be waiting

3. Wake; will be shining

4. Get; will be dancing; will be making; will be discussing

5. Will be waiting; am; will be standing

6. Need; will be staying; will call; will be

7. Will be lying; will be stressing; will send; will make

Exercise 12: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Will get 6. Am going to buy

2. Am going to wash 7. Will show

3. Are you painting 8. Will have

4. Will call 9. Is going to have; is going to start

5. Is going to fall 10. Will remember

Exercise 13: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Am going to take 6. Will get

2. Am going to stay 7. Will you come

3. Will happen 8. Will walk

4. Am going to watch 9. Am going to study

5. Will turn 10. Are going to

Exercise 14: Put the verbs in brackets: Future simple or near future.

1. Will probably go 6. Am going to be

2. Are you going to wear 7. Will help

3. Will find 8. Will not snow

4. Will do 9. Will not come

5. Am going to stay 10. Is going to rain

Exercise 15: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future continuous.

1. Will have landed 6. Will be playing

2. Will have covered 7. Will be playing

3. Will have finished 8. Will be flying; will be waiting

4. Will have improved 9. Will be studying

5. Will be staying 10. Will be going out; will be watching

Exercise 16: Put the verbs in brackets: Future perfect or future perfect continuous.

1. Will have been fasting 6. Will have been

2. Will have been working 7. Will have been residing

3. Will be doing 8. Will have been singing

4. Will be 9. Will probably be

5. Will you be driving 10. Will have been seeing​