Tiếng Anh Câu Tường Thuật, Đầy Đủ Các Dạng, Có Bài Tập

CHAPTER V: REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)

Lời nói gián tiếp với động từ giới thiệu ở quá khứ

1. Tường thuật với câu kể (Statements in reported speech)

Reported speech

said / to Sb (O) + that + S (đổi ngôi) + V (lùi thì)

S + told (O) + that + S (đổi ngôi) + V (lùi thì)

Thought- nghĩ, announced-công bố, explained-giải thích, complained- phàn nàn, believed- tin tưởng

EX: They said, "We 'll return to Paris next month" => They said they would return to Paris the next month

He said: "I like cartoons" =>He said that he liked cartoons

NOTES

Pronouns: - I => he, she - Me => him, her - My => his, her

- We=> they - Us => them - Our => their

- You => I /she/ he (chủ ngữ) - you =>me/her/him (tân ngữ) - your =>my/her/his

- He, she, it, him, her, they, them → không đổi

Adverbs:

- Now=> then - These=> those

- Here=> there - Today=> that day

- Tonight=> that night - Last week=> The week before

- Last Monday=> The previous Monday - Ago=> Before

- Tomorrow => The next day - Next week=> The next/following week

- Yesterday=> The day before/ the previous day - This=> that/ the..

REPORTED SPEECH WITH INFINITIVE: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI "TO V"

Tùy theo nhóm động từ tường thuật (Reporting verbs), ta có các vị trí của động từ nguyên mẫu (to V ) như sau:

* Reporting verbs + Object + to_infinitive +..

ask advise command expect instruct invite order persuade

Recommend encourage remind tell urge warn want

Ex: "Don' t forget to lock the door," I said to my sister.

→ I remind my sister to lock the door.

* Reporting verbs + to_infinitive..

Agree demand guarantee hope promise swear threaten

Volunteer offer refuse consent (bằng lòng) decide

Ex: "I 'll give you my book if you need it," my friend said to me.

→ My friend offered to give me his book if I needed it.

"Would you like me to clean the room for you, Alvin?" she said.

She offered..

V Động từ nguyên mẫu thường đi với các mẫu câu đề nghị, lời mời, lời khuyên.. cụ thể sau:

a) Lời đề nghị:

Would you mind + V_ing/ Do you mind + Ving → told/ asked + s. O + to V

Would you/ Could you/ Will you/ Can you → told/ asked + s. O + to V

1: "Would you mind opening the doors?"

→ He ..

2: "Can you read the instructions again?" she said.

→ She ..

b) Lời mời:

Would you like/ Will you → invited + s. O + to V

3: "Will you have lunch with me?" he said.

→ He ..

4. "Would you like to come with me?" John said.

→ He ..

c) Lời khuyên:

Had better/ If I were you/ Why don' t you → advised + someone + to V

5. "If I were you, I would phone her," I said.

→ I ..

6. "You 'd better spend more time learning to write," I said to the boy.

→ I ..

7. "You should take a holiday," John said.

→ ..

8. If I were you, I would join the voluntary team tomorrow, Tom. "Said Mike.

→ I ..

9." Read it before you sign it "he said to his client.

→ I ..

Remember/Don' t forget → reminded + someone + to V

10." Remember to write to me soon, "she said to me.

* * *

11." Don 't forget to take the holiday, "John said.

* * *

Don' t V → Warned + someone +not to V /against Ving

12." Don 't touch that switch, Peter. "I said

* * *

Please, V →beg sb to V

13." Please, please turn off the T. V, John, "said Tom.

* * *

14." Please do as I say, "he said to me.

* * *

" _ (If you don' t).. (or) S will.. => threatened to V

15. "If you don 't pay the rasom, we' ll kill the boy" said the kidnapper.

* * *

Sự đồng ý về quan điểm như: All right, yes, of course (áp dụng cấu trúc sau) :

S + agreed + to verb

16: "All right, I 'll wait for you" he said

- > He..

Câu trực tiếp diễn tả điều mong muốn như: Would like, wish:

S + wanted + O + to verb..

17: "I' d like Lan to become a doctor," my mum said

- > My mum wanted..

Từ chối: S + refused + to V..

18: 'No, I won' t lend you my car "

- > He..

Lời hứa: S + promised to V..

19.'I' ll send you a card on your birthday"

- > He..

Lời đề nghị: S + offered to V

20. "If you like, I 'll help you do the decorating, Carol," said Charles

- > Charles offered..

21. "Would you like me to clean the room for you, Alvin?" she said.

- > She offered..

Choose the best answer.

1. "Don' t talk in class", the teacher said.

A. The teacher told his student do not talk in class. B. The teacher told his student did not talk in class.

C. The teacher told his student not to talk in class. D. The teacher told his student not talking in class.

2. "Susan, can you remember to buy me some sugar?" said Billy.

A. Billy advised Susan to buy him some sugar. B. Billy reminded Susan to buy me some sugar.

C. Billy reminded Susan to buy him some sugar. D. Billy invited Susan to buy me some sugar.

3. The secretary said, "Sorry, I will never work on Sunday."

A. The secretary promised not to work on Sunday. B. The secretary refused to work on Sunday.

C. The secretary refused not to work on Sunday. D. The secretary reminded her boss to work on Sunday.

4. "Don 't stay up late. You should go to bed early." Peter told me.

A. Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early.

B. Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early.

C. Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.

D. Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.

5. "_______," John advised me.

A. You ought to work harder. B. I would rather work harder.

C. It is my duty to work harder. D. It is worth working harder.

6. "_______," the mother warned her sons.

A. Boys, don' t go near the lake. B. Boys, you will not go near the lake.

C. Boys, let 's go near the lake d. Boys, would you like to go near the lake?

7. "I will bring you some food." He said to me.

A. He invited me to eat some food b. He offered to bring me some food.

C. He told me to bring some food. D. He advised me to bring some food.

8. The customer said, "I would like to buy a coat"

A. The customer wanted to buy a coat. B. The customer said to buy a coat.

C. The customer told to buy a coat. D. The customer warned her to buy a coat.

9. The police threatened, "_______."

A. You should drive so fast b. Not drive so fast.

C. I had better you drive you to drive so fast d. Don' t drive so fast.

10. John ______ him my phone number.

A. Invited me to give b. Suggested me giving c. Said to me d. Told me to give.

11. "I would like a a cup of coffee, please," Mr. Pike said to the waiter.

A. Mr. Pike ordered the waiter to bring him a cup of coffee.

B. Mr. Pike advised the waiter to drink a cup of coffee.

C. Mr. Pike warned the waiter not to drink a cup of coffee.

D. Mr. Pike invited the waiter to drink a cup of coffee.

12. "Go on Susan! Apply for the job," said the father.

A. The father invited Susan to apply for the job. B. The father denied applying for the job.

C. The father encouraged Susan to apply for the job. D. The father wanted Susan not to apply for the job.

13. The boss _______ because he was too lazy.

A. Threatened to dismiss him b. Threatened him to dismiss

C. Suggested him to dismiss d. Promised him to dismiss

14. "_________?" John 's teacher advised him.

A. Why don' t you try again b. Why do you try again

C. Why did you try again d. Why must you try again

15. "You _____ take more exercise," my doctor advised me.

A. Would like to b. Ought to c. Mustn 't d. Would

16. "Go ahead. Jump again," the instructor _______.

A. Urged b. Promised c. Demanded d. Required

17. "_______" Peter offered.

A. I would like to sing a song b. I had better sing a song

C. I must sing a song d. Sing a song, please

18. "Mary, please come to dinner tonight," Henry said.

A. Henry invited Mary to come to dinner tonight. B. Henry invited Mary to come to dinner that night

C. Henry warned Mary to come to dinner tonight. D. Henry told Mary please to come to dinner that night.

19. "I will take you to the airport in my car, Peter," said Lee.

A. Peter offered to take Lee to the airport. B. Lee offered to take Peter to the airport.

C. Peter advised Lee to go to the airport by car. D. Lee asked Peter to take him to the airport by car.

20. "I would like to be thinner," Mary said.

A. Mary did not want to be thinner. B. Mary told to be thinner.

C. Mary wanted to be thinner d. Mary suggested to be thinner.

REPORTED SPEECH WITH GERUND: CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT VỚI "V-ING"

I/ Danh động từ thường đi theo động từ tường thuật SUGGEST (đề nghị) trong các mẫu câu đề nghị sau:

a) Why don' t you / Why not / How about → Suggested + (someone) + V-ing

1 "Why don 't you send her some flowers?" he said.

He ..

2. "Why not forward her the message?" I said to him.

I .. .

b) Let' s / Let 's not → suggested + V-ing / suggested + not + V-ing

3. "Let' s meet outside the cinema," he said.

.. .

4. "Let 's not talk about that problem again," he said.

He .. .

c) Shall we / It' s a good idea → suggested + V-ing.

5.'It' s a good idea to send her some flowers, "he said.

He .. .

II/ Cảm ơn, xin lỗi:

It is kind/nice of you toV =>S + thanked + s. O + for + v-ing

1:" It was nice of you to help me. Thank you very much, "Tom said to you.

* * *> Tom..

2." It was kind of you to help me with my homework, "Lan said to Hoa.

Lan..

3." It 's nice of you to invite me to lunch, "Bob said to John.

Bob..

4." It was nice of you to visit me. Thank you, "Miss White said to Jack.

Miss White thanked..

S + apologized for + (not) + v-ing S + apologized + to + s. O + for + (not) + v-ing

Xin lỗi ai vì đã làm gì

1." We' re really for saying so "

* * *

2." I 'm sorry I couldn' t help you "

* * *

3." I 'm sorry I didn' t send you a letter "

* * *

4." I 'm sorry I broke the window "

* * *

III. Chúc mừng:

Well done, great, congratulation.. => S + congratulated + s. O + on + v-ing: Chúc mừng ai đó vì đã làm gì

1. John said," I heard you received the scholarship. Congratulations! "

* * *> John..

2." I hear you passed your exams. Congratulations! "John said to us.

- > Tom..

3. Well done, Tom. You won the game," said the teacher.

The teacher..

4. "Great! You are well-dressed today, Mary," Tommy said.

Tommy complimented..

5. "You have just got a promotion, haven' t you? Congratulation!" Peter said to her friend.

Peter..

6. "Well done, Tom. You won the game," said the teacher.

The teacher..

IV/ Cương quyết, khăng khăng:

S + insisted + on + v-ing..

1. "I must want take the exam" Peter said

* * *

2. "We must move to the countryside:" My parents said

* * *

3. "I really want to visit Finland this summer" She

* * *

V. Cảnh báo, ngăn cản:

Lời cảnh báo như: Be careful, be dangerous, don 't V

a. S + warned + s. O + NOT to verb..

B. S + warned + s. O + against + v-ing..

1: "Be careful of strangers and don' t go out at night"; he said

- > He..

2: "Don 't stay at the near the airport," I said to Ann

- > I..

3: "Don' t go out alone at night," I said to Linda.

* * *> I..

VI/Ngăn cản: S + prevented, stopped + s. O + from + v-ing..

1: "Stay here! I can 't let you go out tonight," her mother said to Jane

- > Her mother..

2: "Sit here. I can' t let you stand all the time," Mary said to me.

* * *> Mary..

3 "Turn off the computer. You are not allowed to play game now," Dick 's mother said to him.

Dick' s mother prevented..

VII/ Chấp nhận hoặc phủ nhận

I +Ved => S + admitted + V-ing.. /Having Pii: Thừa nhận đã làm gì

I didn 't V=> Denied+Ving /Having Pii: Phủ nhận đã làm gì

1. "Me? No, I didn' t take Sue 's calculator," Said Bob.

Bob..

2. "I only borrowed your car for some hours," the man said.

The man..

3. "I' m sorry. I broke the vase," my son said.

My son..

4. "I know I 'm wrong," he said.

He..

5. "I didn' t say that last night," Joan said.

Joan..

6: "We stole his money," they said.

They..

VIII. Tố cáo, buộc tội:

You Ved/didn 't V=> Accused sb of +Ving

Why didn' t you +V

1: "You took some of my money," he said.

* * *> He..

2. "You failed to save my husband 's life," she said to the doctors.

She blamed..

3 "You didn' t pay attention to what I said," the teacher said to him

The teacher accused..

4. "You are so selfish to behave like this," my mother said to him.

My mother criticized..

5 "It was your fault. You didn 't tell me," she told me

She blamed..

6It' s you who took my bag, "the man said to the boy.

The man accused..

7" You cheated in the exam, "the teacher said to Jack.

The teacher accused..

8" Why didn 't you tell me the truth? "He said to me.

He accused..

9." You stole the jewels, "the inspector said to him.

The inspector accused..

IX. Mơ ước: S + dreamed + of + v-ing..

Ex:" I want to pass the exam with flying colours, "John said.

* * *> John dreamed of passing the exam with flying colours.

" I' ve always wante to be rich, "Bob said

- > Bob had always dreamed of being rich

X. Sự suy nghĩ về cái gì: S + think (thought) + of +v-ing..

Ex: John 's wife: The house is very nice! We' ll certainly buy it

John: I think so

- > John and his wife were thinking..

XI. Sự mong đợi: S + looked forward to + v-ing..

" I feel like going to America next month, "Margaret said.

Margaret looked forward to..

XII. Nhắc nhở

Remember /Don 't forget+ To V=> Remind sb of Ving/ Remind sb (not) to V: nhắc nhở ai đó làm gì

1. " Remember to write to me soon, "she said to me.

She reminded..

1. " Don' t forget to take the holiday, "Mark said to me.

Mark reminded me..

XIII: Chỉ trích, buộc tội

Should have Pii=> criticised/blamed sb for Ving: chỉ trích đổ lỗi ai đó vì làm gì

object to Ving: Phản đối làm gì

CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN TRONG LỜI NÓI GIÁN TIẾP:

Nếu trong lời nói trực tiếp có câu điều kiện, thì chỉ có câu điều loại I là có sự thay đổi về THÌ, hai loại câu diều kiện còn lại thì vẫn giữ nguyên hình thức động từ của chúng .

Ex: +" If I have a time, I will visit her, "he said.

Ø He said that if he had time, he would visit her

+" If I were in New York now, I would visit her, "he said.

Ø He said that if he were in New York then, he would visit her.

+" If I had met her, I would have told her the truth, "he said.

Ø He said that if he had met her, he would have told her the truth.

REPORTED SPEECH

1. I 've warned you many times ______the front door unlocked. (2010)

A. Not leaving B. Won' t leave C. Not to leave D. Don 't leave

2." Stop smoking or you' ll be ill, "the doctor told me. (2010)

A. The doctor advised me to give up smoking to avoid illness. B. I was ordered not to smoke to recover from illness.

C. I was warned against smoking a lot of cigarettes. D. The doctor suggested smoking to treat illness.

3." We 're having a reunion this weekend. Why don' t you come? "John said to us. (2010)

A. John cordially invited us to a reunion this weekend. B. John didn 't understand why we came to a reunion.

C. John simply asked us why we wouldn' t come to a reunion.

D. John asked us why we didn 't come to a reunion this weekend.

4." We lost the last game because of the referee, "said the team captain. (2012)

A. The team captain said that without the referee, they might have lost the last game.

B. The team captain admitted to the referee that they had lost the last game.

C. The team captain refused to tell the referee about their loss in the last game.

D. The team captain blamed the referee for their loss in the last game.

5." If I were you, I would not choose to write about such a sensitive topic, "the teacher said. (2012)

A. The teacher advised me against writing about such a sensitive topic.

B. The teacher advised me on writing about such a sensitive topic.

C. I was ordered by the teacher not to write about such a sensitive topic.

D. I was blamed for writing about such a sensitive topic by the teacher.

6. He didn' t know______ or stay until the end of the festival.

A. If to go B. If that he should go C. To go D. Whether to go

7:" If you don 't pay the ransom, we' ll kill your boy, "the kidnappers told us. (2011)

A. The kidnappers promised to kill our boy if we refused to pay the ransom.

B. The kidnappers ordered to kill our boy if we did not pay the ransom.

C. The kidnappers threatened to kill our boy if we refused to pay the ransom.

D. The kidnappers pledged to kill our boy if we did not pay the ransom.

8:" Mum, please don 't tell dad about my mistake, "the boy said.

A. The boy requested his mother not to talk about his mistake any more.

B. The mother was forced to keep her son' s mistake as a secret when he insisted.

C. The boy begged his mother not to tell his father about his mistake.

D. The boy earnestly insisted that his mother tell his father about his mistake.

9:" Don 't forget to tidy up the final draft before submission, "the team leader told us.

A. The team leader asked us to tidy up the final draft before submission.

B. The team leader simply wanted us to tidy up the final draft before submission.

C. The team leader reminded us to tidy up the final draft before submission.

D. The team leader ordered us to tidy up the final draft before submission.

10:" You shouldn' t have leaked our confidential report to the press, Frank! "Said Jane.

A. Jane criticized Frank for having disclosed their confidential report to the press.

B. Jane accused Frank of having cheated the press with their confidential report.

C. Jane suspected that Frank had leaked their confidential report to the press.

D. Jane blamed Frank for having flattered the press with their confidential report.

11:" My company makes a large profit every year. Why don 't you invest more money in it? "My friend said to me.

A. My friend suggested his investing more money in his company.

B. My friend persuaded me to invest more money in his company.

C. My friend instructed me how to put more money into his company.

D. I was asked to invest more money in my friend' s company.

12." Why don 't you reply to the President' s offer right now? "Said Mary to her husband. (2009)

A. Mary suggested that her husband should reply to the President 's offer without delay.

B. Mary told her husband why he didn' t reply to the President 's offer then.

C. Mary ordered her husband to reply to the President' s offer right now.

D. Mary wondered why her husband didn 't reply to the President' s offer then.

13:" Please don 't drive so fast, Tom, "said Lisa. (2009)

A. Lisa complained about Tom' s driving too fast. B. Lisa pleaded with Tom not to drive too fast.

C. Lisa insisted on Tom 's driving on. D. Lisa grumbled to Tom about driving slowly.

14: She said," John, I' ll show you round my city when you 're here. "(2009)

A. She made a trip round her city with John. B. She promised to show John round her city.

C. She planned to show John round her city. D. She organized a trip round her city for John.

15. The captain said to his men:" Abandon the ship immediately! "(2007)

A. The captain invited his men to abandon the ship immediately.

B. The captain suggested his men abandon the ship immediately.

C. The captain ordered his men to abandon the ship immediately.

D. The captain requested his men to abandon the ship immediately.

16." Shall I make you a coffee? "The girl said to the lady. (2007)

A. The girl wanted to make a coffee for the lady. B. The girl offered to make a coffee for the lady.

C. The girl refused to make a coffee for the lady. D. The girl promised to make a coffee for the lady.

17: Peter asked me ______. (2007)

A. What time does the film start B. What time the film starts

C. What time the film started D. What time did the film start

18." Why don' t we go out for dinner? "Said Mary. (2008)

A. Mary suggested a dinner out. B. Mary ordered a dinner out.

C. Mary demanded a dinner out. D. Mary requested a dinner out.

19: My friend told me," If I were you, I would not smoke so much. "

A. My friend advised me not to smoke so much. B. My friend warned me against smoking so much.

C. My friend prohibited me from smoking so much. D. My friend suggested not smoking so much.

20:" I will let you know the answer by the end of this week, "Tom said to Janet.

A. Tom suggested giving Janet the answer by the end of the week.

B. Tom promised to give Janet the answer by the end of the week.

C. Tom insisted on letting Janet know the answer by the end of the week.

D. Tom offered to give Janet the answer by the end of the week.

21." No, I won 't go to work, at the weekend, "said Sally. (2017)

A. Sally promised to go to work at the weekend. B. Sally refused to go to work at the weekend.

C. Sally apologized for not going to work at the weekendD. Sally regretted not going to work at the weekend

22." If I were you, I would go to see the doctor ", David said to Claudia. (CĐ 2007)

A. David advised Claudia not to go to see the doctor. B. David advised Claudia to go to see the doctor.

C. David told Claudia to become a doctor. D. David told Claudia that he would go to see the doctor.

23. She refused to tell us why was she crying. (CĐ 2007)

24." Would you like to come to my birthday party, Mary? "Said Mike. (tn2013)

A. Mike asked Mary if she didn' t like to come to his birthday party

B. Mike invited Mary to come to his birthday party.

C. Mike didn 't know that Mary had come to his birthday party.

D. Mike was told to come to Mary' s birthday party.

25. Tom asked Janet where _____ the previous Sunday. (tn2012)

A. Had she been B. She had been C. She has been D. Has she been

26. Jack asked his sister ______. / tn10 A. Where you have gone tomorrow B. Where she would go the following day

C. Where would she go the following day D. Where you will go tomorrow

27. Peter apologised ______. /tn10 A. Me for phoning not earlier B. Not to phone me earlier

C. For not phoning me earlier D. Not for phoning me earlier

28. My mother doesn 't care how much does the washing machine cost because she is going to buy it anyway (cd 2008)

29." Trust me! Do not invest all your money in one company, "said my friend.

A. My friend ordered me to invest all my money in one company.

B. My friend persuaded me not to invest all my money in one company.

C. My friend offered to help me to invest all my money in one company.

D. My friend encouraged me to invest all my money in one company.

30." May I see your passport, Mrs Scott? "Said the customs officer.

A. The customs officer asked to see Mrs Scott' s passport.

B. The customs officer suggested seeing Mrs Scott's passport.

C. The customs officer asked Mrs Scott to see his passport.

D. The customs officer promised to show Mrs Scott his passport.

32. My students promised that they would hand in their assignments________. (tn2014)

A. Yesterday B. Tomorrow C. The following day D. The previous day

33. The captain said to his men:" Abandon the ship immediately! "(dh 2007)

A. The captain invited his men to abandon the ship immediately.

B. The captain suggested his men abandon the ship immediately.

C. The captain ordered his men to abandon the ship immediately.

D. The captain requested his men to abandon the ship immediately.

34." Shall I make you a coffee?"The girl said to the lady. (dh2007)

A. The girl wanted to make a coffee for the lady. B. The girl offered to make a coffee for the lady.

C. The girl refused to make a coffee for the lady. D. The girl promised to make a coffee for the lady.

35. Peter asked me ______. (dh 2007) A. What time does the film start B. What time the film starts

C. What time the film started D. What time did the film start

HOMEWORK