Tiếng Anh Sự hòa hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ

SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ

1. Chủ ngữ là một danh động từ, động từ nguyên thể hay một mệnh đề: Động từ chia theo ngôi thứ 3 số ít.

Ex: Walking in the rain is not a good idea.

Ex: To learn a foreign language is necessary.

Ex: That you get high grades in the school is very important.

2. Chủ ngữ là một nhóm từ thì phải tìm từ chính và chia động từ phù hợp với từ đó

N1 + [giới từ ] +N2 + V1

The study of languages is very interesting.

Singular subject

Several theories on this subject have /has been proposed.

Plural subject plural verb

3. S1 + as well as/ with/ together with/ in addition to/ along with/ accompanied by/ no less than +S2

=> Động từ chia theo chủ ngữ 1

Ex: The professor together with his three students has been called to court.

Ex: The students along with their form teacher were at the beach yesterday.

4. Động từ được chia ở dạng số ít nếu chủ ngữ là đại đại từ bất định

Any+ Danh từ số ít

Anybody

Anyone

Anything

No + Danh từ số ít

Nobody

No one

Nothing

Some+ Danh từ số ít

Somebody

Someone

Something

Every+ Danh từ số ít

Everybody

Everyone

Everything

Either/neither of

Ifeither of you (take).. a vacation now, we won 't be able to finish this work.

If any of students in this class (be).. absent, he or she must have the permission of the instructor.

5. A • S1+AND +S2 => động từ luôn được chia ở số nhiều

Ex: England, Scotland and Wales form Great Britain.

Ex: John and I are cousins.

Ex: The headmaster and the teacher are talking.

b. Các danh từ luôn dùng dạng số nhiều

Scissors: kéo

Trousers: quần tây

Jeans: quần jeans

Shorts: quần sooc

Eyeglasses: kính mắt

Tweezers: cái nhíp

Pants: quần dài

Pliers: cái kìm

Tongs: Cái kẹp

- Ví dụ: The pants are in the drawer [' drɔ:] ngăn kéo.

A pair of pants is in the drawer.

6. Cấu trúc either S1 or S2

Neither S1 nor S2

Not only S1 but also S2 => Động từ chia theo chủ ngữ 2 S1 or/nor S2

Not S1 but S2

Either you or I am right.

Not only the child but also the grandparents are playing the game.

7. Các danh từ tập thể

Congress: quốc hội

Organization: Tổ chức

Government: chính quyền

Family: gia đình

Team: đội

Jury: đoàn bồi thẩm

Group: nhóm

Army: quân đội.

Class: lớp

Crowd: đám đông

Committee: ủy ban

Club: câu lạc bộ

Public: công chúng

* * *

- Động từ ở dạng số ít: danh từ tập hợp được xem như một đơn vị

The committee is having its annual dinner.

- Động từ ở dạng số nhiều: danh từ tập hợp chỉ từng cá nhân tạo nên tập thể

The committee are going back to their homes.

- Đương nhiên committees thì chia động từ số nhiều

- Các cụm từ ở bảng sau chỉ một nhóm động vật hoặc gia súc, nghĩa là đàn, bầy. Động từ chia theo danh từ đứng trước.

Flock of birds/ sheep: đàn chim, đàn cừu Herd of cattle: đàn gia súc

School of fish: đàn cá Pride of lions: đàn sư tử

Pack of dogs: đàn chó a bar of chocolate một thanh kẹo sô cô la

A bar of gold một thỏi vàng

A block of ice/ stone/ wood một khối băng/ một tảng đá/ một khúc gỗ

A bolt/ role/ length of fabric một súc/ cuộn/ đoạn vải

A cube of ice/ sugar (an ice/ sugar cube) một viên đá/ đường

A loaf of bread một ổ bánh mỳ a roll of film/ carpet một cuộn phim/ thảm

A slab of marble/ concrete một phiến đá/ phiến (tấm) bê tông a stick of gum thỏi kẹo gôm

A bunch of bananas/ grapes một buồng chuối/ một chùm nho a bunch/ bouquet of flowers một bó hoa

A bundle of clothes một bọc quần áo a bunch of fives một bàn tay

A set/ bunch of keys một chùm chìa khóa a set of chairs một bộ ghế

- Ví dụ:

The flock of birds is flying to its destination.

8. Danh từ tập hợp được hình thành bởi by "the + adjective" => V chia theo S số nhiều.

Ex: The sick need medical care and tenderness.

9. Danh từ tập hợp luôn ở dạng số ít

Funiture: Đồ đạc luggage: Hành lí

Information: Thông tin knowledge: Kiến thức => V chia theo S số ít.

Trafic: Giao thông equipment: Trang thiết bị

Scenery: Phong cảnh machinery: máy móc

Ex: The furniture was more expensive than I thought.

Ex: The traffic has increased rapidly in the downtown areas.

10. Đơn vị đo lường, tiền bạc => động từ được chia ở dạng số ít

Ex: Twenty-two inches is a tiny waist measurement.

Ex: Fifty dollars seems a reasonable price

Ex: Half of the tables are occupied.

*The majority of+ danh từ số ít => động từ số ít.

+danh từ số nhiều => động từ số nhiều

Ex: The majority of the customers are happy.

11. Một số danh từ luôn có "s" nhưng động từ luôn chia ở dạng số ít news means series billiards

Species measles bệnh sởi mumps bệnh quai bị Rickets 'rikits bệnh còi xương

Mathematics economics linguistics physics

Phonetics athletics politics statistics

Algiers Athens Brussels Brussel Marseilles

Naples the Philippines the United Nations the United States

Wales

Ex: The morning news is on at 6 o' clock.

Ex: Measles is sometimes serious.

12. THE NUMBER OF => động từsố ít: Ex: The number of road accidents is increasing.

A NUMBER OF +N => động từ số nhiều: Ex: A number of spectators were injured

13. No + singular noun + singular verb:

Ex: No example is right in this case.

No + plural noun + plural verb:

Ex: No examples are right in this case.

14 . None of the + non-count noun + -singular verb

Plural noun + plural verb

Ex: - None of the counterfeit money has been found.

Ex: - None of the students have finished the exam yet.

15 . It + be + noun / pronoun (in the subject form)

Ex - It is they who provide the modem medical aids.

Ex - Go and tell them it is I who did it.

16 . There + be + noun :(động từ phụ thuộc vào danh từ).

Ex: There have not been many large-scale epidemics lately.

Agreement between subject and verb

1. A large number of students in this school.. English quite fluently.

A. Speaks b. Is speaking c. Has spoken d. Speak

2. A series of lectures.. being presented at the Central Hall this week.

A. Are b. Will be c. Has become d. Is

3. Beauty as well as health.. failed her this term.

A. Has b. Have c. Is d. Are

4. Bread and butter.. what she asks for.

A. Is b. Are c. Will be d. Have been

5. Each student.. answered the first three questions.

A. Has b. Have c. Have to d. Must

6. Either John or his wife.. breakfast each morning.

A. Make b. Is making c. Makes d. Made

7. Everybody who.. a fever must go home at once.

A. Has b. Have c. Is having d. Are having

8. Five dollars.. all I have on me.

A. Are b. Is c. Will be d. Have

9. John, along with twenty friends.. planning a party.

A. Are b. Is c. Has been d. Have been

10. Mathematics.. the science of quantity.

A. Was b. Are c. Is d. Were

11. Measles.. cured without much difficulty nowadays.

A. Is b. Are c. Will be d. Have

12. Neither Mary nor her brothers.. a consent form for tomorrow 's field trip.

A. Need b. Needs c. Is needing d. Has need

13. Peter, together with his uncle.. fishing.

A. Have gone b. Has gone c. Go d. Goes

14. The army.. eliminated this section of the training test.

A. Has b. Is having c. Are d. Have

15. The number of the months in a year.. twelve.

A. Was b. Were c. Are d. Is

16. The picture of the soldiers.. back many memories.

A. Will bring b. Brings c. Bring d. Have brought

17. These pictures, as well as the photograph.. the room.

A. Brightens b. Brightening c. Brighten d. Being brightened

18. The quality of the recordings.. not very good.

A. Is b. Are c. Is being d. Has been

19. This house as well as that one.. for sale, which will you have?

A. Are b. Is c. Have d. Has

20. To what place.. either the man or his son wish to go?

A. Is b. Does c. Do d. Are

21. Twenty miles.. a long way to walk.

A. Are b. Was c. Is d. Were

22. What he told you.. to be of no importance.

A. Seems b. Seem c. Must seem d. Have seemed

23. Mathematics.. not always an exact science.

A. Was b. Are c. Is d. Were

24. Mr. John, accompanied by several members of the committee.. proposed some changes of the rules.

A. Have b. Has c. Are d. Is

25. The flock of birds.. circling overhead.

A. Gets b. Are c. Is d. Get

26. The levels of intoxication.. from subject to subject.

A. Has been varied b. Have been varied c. Varies d. Vary

27. The majority of the students.. him to be innocent.

A. Was made b. Believe c. Makes d. Make

28. The pair of the pliers [' plaiəz] cái kìm.. on the table.

A. Was b. Were c. Put d. Puts

29. The use of credit cards in place of cash.. increased rapidly in recent years.

A. Have been b. Has been c. Has d. Have

30. Advertisements on television.. becoming more competitive than ever before.

A. Has b. Have c. Are d. Is

31. My brother usually ask me for help when he has difficulty with his homework .

A. Ask B. When C. Has D. Homework

32. The replacement of shops such as the groceries 'and chemist' s by cafes_____ the housewives with insufficient facilities for shopping. (2014)

A. Leave

B. Have left

C. Has left

D. To have left

33. A huge amount of tourists come to this city every year. (cđ2007)

34. The existence of many stars in the sky ______ us to suspect that there may be life on another planet. (cđ2007)

A. Have led B. Leads C. Lead D. Leading

35. The captain as well as all the passengers ______ very frightened by the strange noise. (2007)

A. Is B. Were C. Was D. Have been

36. Every student in my class are good at English. (tn2012)

A B C D

37. The superstar, accompanied by the other members of the band, ______ to visit our school next week. (A1/2014)

A. Are going B. Is going C. Are D. Has had

38: ______ always gives me real pleasure. (A1/2014)

A. I arrange flowers B. The flowers are arranged C. Arranging flowers D. While arranging flowers

39. The assumption that smoking has bad effects on our health have been proved . (A1/2014)

40. The number of homeless people in Nepal have increased sharply due to the recent severe earthquake .

A B C D (2015)

41. Neither Tom nor his brothers ______ willing to help their mother with the housework. (CD2012)

A. Are B. Was C. Has been D. Is

42. During the Enlightenment, the powers and uses of reason ______.

A. Were stressed B. Stressed C. Were stressing D. Had stressed

43. It was announced that neither the passengers nor the driver ______ in the crash. (dh2007)

A. Were injured B. Are injured C. Was injured D. Have been injured